Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) PCOD


Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS or PCOD) has come to epidemic proportions in young women nowadays.

It is present in 5-10% women. It basically means a hormonal imbalance, a shift towards more male type of hormones. It mainly has Insulin resistance which causes obesity. There is Ovulation failure and infertility.

It can also predispose to Gestational diabetes, type II Diabetes High BP, endometrial hyperplasia and cholesterol later in life.


What are the Symptoms?



  • Irregular cycles-delayed(6-8/yr), less bleeding
  • Acne, male pattern hair growth(upper lip, chin, neck, sideburn area, chest, upper or lower abdomen, upper arm, and inner thigh Weight gain(50%)
  • Type II Diabetes (10%) High BP and cholesterol,Heart disease
  • Obstructive sleep apnoea(50%)
  • Anxiety, depression

    It may lead to problems related to pregnancy like

  • Infertility
  • Ovulation problems-30%PCOS
  • Miscarriage
  • Pre eclampsia
  • Gestational diabetes
  • Preterm birth
  • Large for age baby

PCOS treatment doctor in gurgaon

How to Diagnose?

PCOD is a combination of symptoms, it is diagnosed if there are 2 out of these 3 features

  • Irregular menstrual periods caused by anovulation or irregular ovulation.
  • Evidence of elevated androgen levels. The evidence can be based upon signs (excess hair growth, acne, or male-pattern balding) or blood tests (high androgen levels).
  • Polycystic ovaries on pelvic ultrasound.

What are the Treatment options?

PCOD is a lifestyle problem, it can be best controlled with



Lifestyle modification

  • Low carbohydrate diet
  • Exercise and weight loss (5% to 10%)
    • 18 – 64 yrs- 150 min/week of moderate intensity or 75 min/week of vigorous intensities including muscle strengthening activities on 2 non-consecutive days/week
    • Adolescents- 60 min moderate to vigorous intensity/ day, including strengthening muscle and bone at least 3 times weekly prevention of weight-regain ,minimised sedentary, screen or sitting time
    • Physical activity includes leisure time physical activity, transportation (walking or cycling), occupational work, household chores, games, sports or planned exercise
    • Daily, 10000 steps is ideal, including activities of daily living and 30 minutes of structured physical activity or around 3000 steps.
    • SMART (Specific, Measureable, Achievable, Relevant, Time limited) goals could include 10 minute bouts, progressively increasing physical activity 5% weekly

Healthy Eating

Foods That are Good for Women with PCOS? PCOS Treatment



If you have PCOS or polycystic ovarian disease, then there are certain food habits that you must be careful of.

Because this is a lifestyle disease, you should follow a good, healthy diet that is low in high-glycaemic carbohydrates. In PCOS, the mechanism is insulin resistance. So you have to stop eating foods that immediately release sugar in your body.

Therefore, everything sweet, including refined sugars, should be consumed in moderation. Additionally, you should limit the consumption of foods high in natural sugars, such as honey and jaggery.

Also, the refined flour, or all-purpose flour, or maida, which is used in junk food like biscuits, breads, desserts, pizza, burgers, and pasta— all those things you should also limit. Instead you should try to have more complex carbohydrates, which release sugar in your body very slowly.

Also, you should limit cold drinks, juices, fruits, and very sweet and starchy foods like rice and potatoes.

Individuals with a vegetarian diet, where rice and potatoes are staples, should consider reducing these foods if diagnosed with PCOD. Instead you can go for oats, barley, millet, ragi, and other such foods.

Individuals with PCOS should increase their intake of green fruits and vegetables. It is advisable to consume a substantial quantity of nuts, especially walnuts and almonds. Non-vegetarian or legume-based diets are permissible, as is a high-protein regimen; nevertheless, the intake of refined carbohydrates should be restricted.

Focus on Whole Plant Based Food

  • Complex carbohydrates
  • Are packed with Nutrients
  • Give long lasting energy
  • Leave you full and satisfied

Simple carbohydrates

  • Provide short lived energy
  • Are mostly empty calories
  • Leave you hungry for more

Eat the right type of protein

  • Eggs
  • Chicken and fish
  • Milk and milk Products
  • Soybean and Legumes
  • Mix Dals
  • Nuts

What are the medications for PCOS/PCOD treatment?

When lifestyle changes are not helping, some medication may be needed to improve the symptoms, like

  • Insulin sensitisers like metformin
  • Myo Inositol
  • Oral contraceptive pills to regulate cycles
  • Ovulation induction for pregnancy
  • Anti testosterones

The dose, duration and combination of medication depends on the problems that one is facing. It is advisable to continue lifestyle changes to be less dependent on medication.

Surgery

This is almost never needed to treat PCOD. In some very resistant cases of infertility with PCOD, laparoscopic ovarian drilling may be suggested but it is controversial.


Debunking Myths Around PCOS| CK Birla Hospital | Dr Astha Dayal



Dr. Astha Dayal one of the most experienced Gynecologist and Obstetrician in Gurgaon Haryana specialised in PCOD and PCOS treatment

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